The Basic Expectancy Framework Suggests That, for Motivated Behaviour to Occur

question 121

Multiple Choice

The basic expectancy framework suggests that, for motivated behaviour to occur,

• A) the performance-to-outcome expectancies should approach zero.
• B) the sum of all the valences for the relevant potential outcomes must be negative.
• C) none of the valences for the relevant potential outcomes should be negative.
• D) the effort-to-performance ratio should be well above 10.
• E) the positive valences should outweigh the negative valences of potential outcomes.

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Definitions:

Nash Equilibrium

A concept within game theory where no participant can gain by a unilateral change of strategy if the strategies of the others remain unchanged.

Simultaneous Game

A type of strategic game in game theory where all players make decisions or choose their strategies at the same time without knowledge of the others' choices.

Utility

A measure of satisfaction or happiness that consumers receive from consuming goods and services.

Prisoner's Dilemma

A fundamental problem in game theory demonstrating that two people might not cooperate even if it is in both their best interests to do so.