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The Pendleton Act of 1883 established the first merit system in the state of New Jersey.
Opportunity Costs
The cost of forgoing the next best alternative when making a decision.
Sunk Costs
Costs that have already been incurred and cannot be recovered or altered, and thus should not affect future business decisions.
Side-Effect Costs
Unintended expenses or losses that occur as a result of business decisions, not directly related to the project in question.
Incremental Overhead
Additional overhead costs that are incurred when an organization increases its production volume or undertakes new activities.
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