The Dean of a Local School Wants to Determine If

question 56

Short Answer

The dean of a local school wants to determine if the grade distribution is independent of
the subject matter taught. How many degrees of freedom does this contingency table have?
$$\begin{array} { l l l l l l } \text { Subject } & \mathbf { A } & \mathbf { B } & \mathbf { C } & \mathbf { D } & \mathbf { E } \\\text { Science } & 5 & 11 & 27 & 7 & 11 \\\text { History } & 14 & 18 & 32 & 5 & 7 \\\text { English } & 18 & 35 & 68 & 18 & 23\end{array}$$

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Definitions:

Modernization Theory

A theory suggesting that societal development occurs through a series of progressive stages, typically moving from traditional to modern industrial societies.

Traditional Society

A society that is largely based on customs, traditions, and pre-modern economic activities such as agriculture.

Modern Society

A societal phase marked by advanced technology, industrialization, rationality, and complex social structures, differentiating it from earlier societies.

Cultural Diversity

The existence of a variety of cultural or ethnic groups within a society, celebrated for enriching the social fabric.