The Geologist C $\log _ { 10 } \left( \frac { I } { S } \right)$

question 7

Multiple Choice

The geologist C. F. Richter defined the magnitude of an earthquake to be $\log _ { 10 } \left( \frac { I } { S } \right)$ where $I$ is the intensity of the quake (measured by the amplitude of a seismograph $100 \mathrm {~km}$ from the epicenter) and $S$ is the intensity of a "standard" earthquake (where the amplitude is only 1 micron $= 10 ^ { - 4 }$ $\mathrm { cm }$ ) . The 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake that shook San Francisco had a magnitude of $7.9$ on the Richter scale. The 1906 San Francisco earthquake was 12 times as intense. What was its magnitude on the Richter scale?

• A) 12
• B) 11
• C) 9
• D) 14
• E) 13

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Definitions:

Female Sexuality

The ways in which women experience and express their sexual feelings, desires, and responses.

Nature

Nature refers to the physical world and its phenomena, including landscapes, plants, animals, and other features and products of the earth, as opposed to human-made creations.

Male Sexuality

Aspects and expressions of sexual behaviors and desires among males.

Gender and Sex

Refers to the distinct concepts where "gender" is the societal and cultural roles, behaviors, and attributes a society considers appropriate for men and women, while "sex" typically refers to biological differences such as chromosomes, hormonal profiles, and internal and external sex organs.