Total Quality Management (TQM) Programmes Are Less Likely to Remain

question 23

Multiple Choice

Total quality management (TQM) programmes are less likely to remain effective if:

• A) TQM does not become a separate 'bolt-on' set of activities
• B) Slogans and exhortations about TQM's effectiveness are avoided
• C) TQM becomes a substitute for normal managerial leadership
• D) Quality improvement relates to the operation's performance objectives
• E) The term 'quality' is not defined too narrowly

---

Definitions:

Inequality

The state of not being equal, especially in terms of status, rights, and opportunities, leading to disparities in income, wealth, and living conditions.

Preconditions

Conditions or requirements that must exist or be met before a certain event can occur or a process can proceed.

Economic Elites

A group of people who possess a disproportionate amount of wealth and economic power in a society.

Middle Classes

A social group between the upper and working classes, characterized by moderate to high income levels, education, and professional occupations.