The Total Volume of the Upper Reservoir of a Pumped $300,000 \mathrm {~m} ^ { 2 }$

question 18

Essay

The total volume of the upper reservoir of a pumped hydroelectric facility flows through the turbines over a period of 8 hours. The upper reservoir has an area of $300,000 \mathrm {~m} ^ { 2 }$ and an average depth of $15 \mathrm {~m}$ .
(a) What is the average flow rate (in cubic meters per second) between the upper and lower reservoirs?
(b) If the water between the two reservoirs flows through a (circular) penstock with a diameter of $7.5 \mathrm {~m}$ , what is the average velocity of the water?

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Definitions:

BPI Team

A Business Process Improvement (BPI) Team is a group of individuals tasked with analyzing business processes and making recommendations to improve performance, efficiency, and productivity.

Process Metrics

Quantitative measures that are used to assess the performance of a process within a system, often employed to determine the efficiency, effectiveness, and overall quality of operational procedures.

Control Phase

In project management and process improvement, this refers to the final phase where the changes are implemented, monitored, and controlled to ensure that improvements are sustained over time.

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Programs or projects initiated by employees rather than management, often aimed at improving operations, working conditions, or community engagement.