Two Vehicles Implement Different Approaches to Using Ethanol as a Fuel

question 9

Essay

Two vehicles implement different approaches to using ethanol as a fuel.
One vehicle burns the ethanol in an internal combustion engine with an efficiency of 18% to convert the chemical energy in the ethanol to mechanical energy supplied to the vehicle's wheels. The second vehicle uses electricity to charge batteries to run electric motors to drive the wheels. The electricity is produced by burning the ethanol in a heat engine to drive a generator with a net efficiency of 38%. The batteries/electric motors are 89% efficient. (a) Compare the relative amounts of ethanol needed for the two vehicles to travel the same distance.
(b) Compare the relative net $\mathrm { CO } _ { 2 }$ emissions for the two vehicles.

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Definitions:

Job Migration

The movement of workers from one region or country to another, often in search of better employment opportunities.

Globalization

is the process by which businesses or other organizations develop international influence or start operating on an international scale.

Hierarchical Structure

An organizational framework where entities are ranked one above the other according to authority or status.

Business Organizations

Formal entities that are established to achieve economic or charitable goals, employing resources to produce goods or services.