A Professor of Economics Wants to Study the Relationship Between

question 146

Essay

A professor of economics wants to study the relationship between income y (in $1000s) and education x (in years). A random sample of eight individuals is taken and the results are shown below. $$\begin{array} { | l | c | c | c | c | c | c | c | c | } \hline \text { Education } & 16 & 11 & 15 & 8 & 12 & 10 & 13 & 14 \\\hline \text { Income } & 58 & 40 & 55 & 35 & 43 & 41 & 52 & 49 \\\hline\end{array}$$ Compute the standardised residuals.

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Definitions:

Conditioning

A psychological process through which behavior is learned by associating an action with a particular outcome.

Reinforcement Effectiveness

The degree to which a reinforcement (either positive or negative) successfully influences future behavior in the desired direction.

Immediately

An action or event occurring without any delay, happening at once.

Behavior Reinforcement

The process of strengthening a behavior by providing a consequence that encourages the repetition of that behavior.