The Position Effect Variegation (PEV) Phenotype Described in This Chapter

question 39

Multiple Choice

The position effect variegation (PEV) phenotype described in this chapter can be used to identify new genes that regulate heterochromatin formation. For instance, strains of Drosophila melanogaster with the White variegation phenotype have been subjected to mutagenesis to screen for dominant mutations (in other genes) that either enhance or suppress PEV, meaning the mutations result in either lower or higher red pigment production, respectively. Which of the following mutations is expected to be an enhancer of variegation?

• A) A mutation that results in the loss of function of the fly's HP1 (heterochromatin protein 1) gene.
• B) A loss-of-function mutation in a gene encoding a histone deacetylase that deacetylates lysine 9 on histone H3.
• C) A gain-of-function mutation in a gene encoding a histone methyl transferase that trimethylates lysine 9 on histone H3, resulting in a hyperactive form of the enzyme.
• D) A gain-of-function mutation in a gene encoding a histone acetyl transferase that normally acetylates lysine 9 on histone H3, resulting in higher expression of the protein.

---

Definitions:

Neofunctionalism

It's a theory in sociology and anthropology which suggests that societies evolve by adapting their institutions to new needs and challenges.

Ethnomethodology

The study of how people make sense of what others do and say by adhering to preexisting norms.

Unconsciously

Pertains to processes or behaviors that occur without conscious awareness or intention, often rooted in the psychological theories of Sigmund Freud.

Social Space

The physical or virtual spaces where social interactions occur, influenced by social norms, hierarchies, and cultural practices.