The Position Effect Variegation (PEV) Phenotype Described in This Chapter

question 39

Multiple Choice

The position effect variegation (PEV) phenotype described in this chapter can be used to identify new genes that regulate heterochromatin formation. For instance, strains of Drosophila melanogaster with the White variegation phenotype have been subjected to mutagenesis to screen for dominant mutations (in other genes) that either enhance or suppress PEV, meaning the mutations result in either lower or higher red pigment production, respectively. Which of the following mutations is expected to be an enhancer of variegation?

• A) A mutation that results in the loss of function of the fly's HP1 (heterochromatin protein 1) gene.
• B) A loss-of-function mutation in a gene encoding a histone deacetylase that deacetylates lysine 9 on histone H3.
• C) A gain-of-function mutation in a gene encoding a histone methyl transferase that trimethylates lysine 9 on histone H3, resulting in a hyperactive form of the enzyme.
• D) A gain-of-function mutation in a gene encoding a histone acetyl transferase that normally acetylates lysine 9 on histone H3, resulting in higher expression of the protein.

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Definitions:

Radius

In geometry, the distance from the center of a circle to any point on its circumference, also half the diameter of the circle.

Center

The middle point of a shape or object, equidistant from all outer edges.

Radius

The distance from the center to any point on the circumference of a circle.

Center

A point of origin or midpoint around which a figure or object is symmetrically arranged or balanced.