Upon Heavy Damage to the Cell's DNA, the Normal Replicative

question 6

Multiple Choice

Upon heavy damage to the cell's DNA, the normal replicative DNA polymerases may stall when encountering damaged DNA, triggering the use of backup translesion polymerases. These backup polymerases …

• A) lack 3′-to-5′ exonucleolytic proofreading activity.
• B) are replaced by the replicative polymerases after adding only a few nucleotides.
• C) can create mutations even on undamaged DNA.
• D) may recognize specific DNA damage and add the appropriate nucleotide to restore the original sequence.
• E) All of the above.

---

Definitions:

Transference

A phenomenon in psychotherapy where a patient redirects feelings and desires originally felt towards a significant person to the therapist.

Cognitive Therapy

Cognitive therapy is a psychotherapeutic approach that addresses dysfunctional emotions, behaviors, and cognitions through a goal-oriented, systematic procedure, emphasizing the importance of thought patterns in psychological health.

Psychoanalytic Therapy

A therapeutic approach developed by Sigmund Freud, which argues that bringing unconscious thoughts and feelings to consciousness helps resolve psychological disorders.

Client-centred Therapy

A humanistic psychotherapy approach developed by Carl Rogers, emphasizing an empathetic, nonjudgmental therapist-client relationship and the client's potential for self-discovery and change.