Phase Variation Helps Protect the Bacterium Salmonella Typhimurium Against the Immune

question 2

Multiple Choice

Phase variation helps protect the bacterium Salmonella typhimurium against the immune system of its host by switching the orientation of a certain promoter. This process …

• A) is carried out through a DNA transposition mechanism.
• B) is irreversible.
• C) can often result in the excision of the promoter from the chromosome altogether.
• D) is mediated by enzymes that form transient covalent bonds with the DNA.

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Definitions:

Variable Costing

Accounting method that considers only variable costs (costs that change with production volume) in the calculation of product cost, excluding fixed costs.

Variable Costing

An accounting approach where only variable production costs (direct materials, direct labor, and variable manufacturing overhead) are included in product costs, with fixed overhead treated as a period expense.

Unit Product Cost

The total cost associated with producing a single unit of product, including direct materials, direct labor, and allocated overhead.

Absorption Costing

An accounting method that includes all manufacturing costs (direct labor, direct materials, and both variable and fixed manufacturing overhead) in the cost of a product.