Imagine a Transcription Regulatory Protein (X) That Is Known to Shuttle

question 21

Short Answer

Imagine a transcription regulatory protein (X) that is known to shuttle back and forth between nucleus and cytosol in an oscillatory pattern. Protein Y is a nuclear protein that can bind to X to create a dimer that binds to DNA. You have fused protein X to green fluorescent protein (GFP) and protein Y to blue fluorescent protein (BFP), and have measured fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) and non-FRET signals in the nucleus at different time points, as indicated in the following simplified plot. At which time period (1 or 2) do you think protein X is in the nucleus? BFP can be excited at 440 nm, and emits maximally at 470 nm. GFP is excited at 470 nm and emits maximally at 500 nm.

Understand the concept of semiconservative replication and its experimental confirmation.

Recognize the structure of DNA and the importance of base pairing.

Understand the role of apoptosis in protecting against cancerous transformations.

Explain the historical basis for the initial hypothesis that proteins, not DNA, were the genetic material.

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Definitions:

American Democracy

A political system in the United States based on principles of popular sovereignty, representative governance, and the protection of individual rights.

Eligible To Vote

Having the right or qualifications to participate in an election, usually as defined by criteria such as age, citizenship, and residency.

Adult White Men

A social category used historically in various contexts, often to denote those who held particular rights or privileges not afforded to other groups.

1840

The year that marks significant global events, including the beginning of the Opium War between Britain and China.