The Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Is an Ionotropic Receptor That Can

question 4

Short Answer

The nicotinic acetylcholine receptor is an ionotropic receptor that can be activated by nicotine, a stimulant drug found in cigarettes. Additionally, ?-bungarotoxin, a neurotoxin found in the venom of some snakes, binds preferentially and tightly to the closed conformation of the receptors. Another drug, donepezil, is a potent acetylcholinesterase inhibitor used to treat patients with Alzheimer's disease. If applied at a neuromuscular junction, indicate whether each of the compounds (1) acetylcholine, (2) nicotine, (3) ?-bungarotoxin, and (4) donepezil would enhance (E) or suppress (S) the Ca²⁺influx in the muscle cells. Your answer would be a four-letter string composed of letters E and S only, e.g. EESS.

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Definitions:

Leukocytes

White blood cells that are part of the immune system and defend the body against both infectious disease and foreign materials.

Reticulocytes

Immature red blood cells recently released from the bone marrow into the bloodstream, indicative of red blood cell production and turnover.

Anaphylaxis

A serious and potentially fatal allergic response that can quickly develop following exposure to a substance that triggers an allergy.

Anisocytosis

A condition marked by a significant variation in the sizes of cells, particularly red blood cells, often an indicator of various types of anemia.