Different Mice Have Different Allelic Variants of Class I MHC

question 3

Short Answer

Different mice have different allelic variants of class I MHC genes. Therefore, cytotoxic T cell (TC cell) clones can be generated by culturing lymphocytes harboring MHC allele A in the presence of nondividing nucleated cells harboring MHC allele B (and vice versa). These T cells can normally kill cells harboring allele B by inducing them to undergo apoptosis. Imagine two strains of mice with MHC allele A that are either wild type (WT) for the gene encoding perforin (A1) or are mutant and lack the gene (A2). Also imagine two strains of mice with MHC allele B that are either WT for the gene encoding Fas (B1) or are mutant and lack the gene (B2). Cytotoxic T cells derived from the A1 strain can induce apoptosis in both B1 and B2 cells. However, those derived from the A2 strain are only able to induce apoptosis in B1 cells and not B2 cells. Indicate whether each of the following statements is (Y) or is not (N) consistent with these observations. Your answer would be a four-letter string composed of letters Y and N only, e.g. NYNY.
( ) The perforin-granzyme pathway is the only way through which TC cells induce apoptosis in mouse target cells.
( ) The activation of the Fas-FasL pathway is sufficient to induce apoptosis by TC cells.
( ) There are other major pathways (not dependent on perforin or Fas) through which TC cells induce apoptosis in mouse target cells.
( ) Both pathways (Fas-FasL and perforin-granzyme) are required simultaneously for the induction of apoptosis by TC cells in mouse target cells.

---

Definitions:

Nominal Exchange Rate

The rate at which the currency of one country can be exchanged for the currency of another country, not adjusted for inflation.

Net Exports

The value of a country's total exports minus its total imports, representing the net amount of a nation's goods and services traded with the rest of the world.

Appreciates

Refers to an increase in the value of an asset or currency relative to another.

Money Demand Curve

A graph showing the relationship between the quantity of money people want to hold and the interest rate.