The Soapberry Bugs Shown in the Figure Below Adapted to a Change

question 31

Multiple Choice

The soapberry bugs shown in the figure below adapted to a change in food source in as fast as 30 years.
For evolution to occur this quickly,

• A) the mutation creating alleles for shorter beaks must have been present in the soapberry bug population before its food source changed.
• B) the soapberry bugs must have mutated their beak length genes when they ran out of food.
• C) the life cycle of the soapberry bug (time from egg hatching to reproductive age) must be very long.
• D) soapberry bugs must have had several other food sources besides the fruit they normally ate.

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Definitions:

Significance Level

The probability of rejecting the null hypothesis in a statistical test when it is actually true; a measure of the risk of a Type I error.

SRS

Simple Random Sampling, a method of selecting a sample in which each member of the population has an equal chance of being included.

Null Hypothesis

A statistical hypothesis that assumes no significant difference or effect exists between certain states or parameters in a population.

Significance Level

A threshold in hypothesis testing that determines the probability of rejecting the null hypothesis when it is actually true.