The Open Universe Would Require $\Omega _ { 0 }$ Be Less Than Zero

question 35

True/False

The open universe would require $\Omega _ { 0 }$ be less than zero.

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Definitions:

Negative Avoidance

A learning process where actions are taken to prevent an unpleasant outcome or stimuli.

Stimulus Discrimination

The learned ability to differentiate between similar stimuli and respond only to the specific stimulus conditioned.

Instinctive Drift

The tendency for animals to revert to instinctual behaviors, overriding learned behaviors from operant conditioning.

Renewal Effect

The psychological phenomenon where previously extinguished responses reappear upon return to the original context.