A Youth Prevention Organization Is Examining the Effect of Peer $\alpha$

question 85

Essay

A youth prevention organization is examining the effect of peer pressure on the decision of teenagers to smoke.
A survey of 97 teenagers, ages 11 to 17 years who smoked in the last 30 days, was conducted. The random
sample consisted of 25 teenagers who said all/most of their friends smoke, 40 who said some of their friends
smoke, and 32 who said none of their friends smoke. The results are shown in the figure. At α $\alpha$ = 0.01, can you
support the organizationʹs claim that the proportion of teens who decide to smoke is lower when none of their
friends smoke? How Friends Affect Youth Smoking
Percentage of 11-17-year-olds who smoked a cigarette at least once in the past 30 days.

Source: Philip Morris USA Youth Smoking Prevention. Teenage Attitudes and Behavior Study. 2002.

---

Definitions:

Mental Rotation

The mental capacity to manipulate the imagery of both 2D and 3D objects by rotating them within one's imagination.

Empirical Findings

Results or data gathered through observation and experimentation.

Dual Code Hypothesis

A theory suggesting that visual and verbal information are processed and stored in the brain through two distinct systems.

Verbal Code

A symbolic system used in the representation and communication of messages that can be spoken, written, or signed.