If an Ecological Study Shows a Strong Positive Correlation Between

question 2

Multiple Choice

If an ecological study shows a strong positive correlation between per capita alcohol consumption and breast cancer incidence rates in European countries we can draw
The following conclusion:

• A)Alcohol consumption is a risk factor for breast cancer
• B)Breast cancer rates are higher in countries with higher alcohol consumption
• C)We cannot draw any conclusions because the association could be due to selection bias
• D)We cannot draw any conclusions because the measurement of alcohol consumption is likely to be unreliable
• E)Women who drink more alcohol are more likely to develop breast cancer but this does not mean that the association is causal

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Definitions:

Behaviorist

A psychological approach focusing on observable behaviors and external stimuli, neglecting thoughts and feelings.

Cognitive Psychologist

A psychologist who studies how we perceive, think, understand, and remember information.

Physiological Psychologist

A specialist who studies the biological basis of behavior, focusing on the brain's functions and structures and their impact on psychological processes.

Associative Learning

The process by which an individual learns the connection between two stimuli or between a behavior and a consequence.