It Is the Custom for Paper Mills Located Alongside the Layzee

question 119

Multiple Choice

It is the custom for paper mills located alongside the Layzee River to discharge waste products into the river. As a result, operators of hydroelectric power-generating plants downstream along the river find that they must clean up the river's water before it flows through their equipment.Refer to the above information. Which of the following policies would be most appropriate for dealing with this problem?

• A)levy a Pigovian tax on the consumers of paper products and use the tax revenues to conduct research on new energy sources
• B)levy a Pigovian tax on the consumers of electricity and use the tax revenues to subsidize the consumers of paper products
• C)levy a Pigovian tax on the producers of electricity and use the tax revenues to clean up the river
• D)levy a Pigovian tax on the producers of paper products and use the tax revenues to clean up the river

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Definitions:

Natural Selection

A process in which organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring, leading to evolutionary changes in the species.

Directed Genetic Change

Intentional alteration of the genetic makeup of an organism to achieve desired traits, often through genetic engineering or selective breeding.

Adaptations

The process by which organisms adjust over time to their environment, resulting in genetic changes that enhance survival and reproductive success.

Frequency-Dependent Selection

An evolutionary process by which the fitness of a phenotype or genotype depends on its frequency relative to other phenotypes or genotypes in a given population.