Stress Can _____

question 65

Multiple Choice

Stress can _____. This is an example of a(n) _____ effect of stress on an individual's health.

• A) cause more frequent injuries; direct
• B) encourage the adoption of a "sick role; direct
• C) increase unhealthy eating habits; indirect
• D) compromising the immune system; indirect

Understand the critique of psychoanalytical theories, including criticisms related to scientific validity and cultural/gender bias.

Discuss the principles of classical conditioning as discovered by Pavlov.

Understand the contributions of cognitive theories to the understanding of human development, including the information-processing theory, Piaget's cognitive development theory, and Vygotsky's sociocultural theory.

Illustrate the practical applications of developmental psychology theories in parenting and education.

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Definitions:

Drive Reduction

A motivation theory that suggests behavior is motivated by the desire to reduce internal drives of tension or arousal that arise from unmet needs.

Pleasure Principle

A psychoanalytic concept suggesting that individuals seek pleasure and avoid pain to satisfy their biological and psychological needs.

Optimal Arousal

A theory suggesting there is a level of arousal that is ideal for facilitating optimal performance on a task or activity.

Incentives

Rewards or stimuli that motivate individuals to perform actions or behaviors, often used to encourage desired outcomes.