Subtract. Simplify, If Possible

question 191

Multiple Choice

Subtract. Simplify, if possible.
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Definitions:

Expected Frequencies

The anticipated counts in each category of a contingency table assuming no association between the variables.

Null Hypothesis

A hypothesis used in statistics that proposes no significant difference or effect.

Qualitative Variables

Variables that express attributes or categories, such as gender, nationality, or brand preference, and cannot be quantitatively measured.

Degrees of Freedom

The tally of distinct numbers or magnitudes assignable to a statistical distribution.