Although There Is a Strong Genetic Component to Hip Dysplasia

question 39

Multiple Choice

Although there is a strong genetic component to hip dysplasia in dogs, new research suggests that environment also plays a role. Environmental factors that influence the development of hip dysplasia include such things as overweight condition, injury at a young age, or repetitive motion on the forming joint (e.g., jogging with a puppy under the age of one year) . Based on this, which of the following is true about this disease?

• A) This disease has evolved with the different dog populations.
• B) This disease is both acquired and inherited.
• C) This disease occurs due to mating individuals of different species.
• D) This disease is a result of natural selection.

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Definitions:

Learning Association

A process by which two pieces of information, or a behavior and a response, become linked in the mind or behavior of an individual.

Operant Conditioning

A method of learning that employs rewards and punishments for behavior.

Involuntary Responses

Reflex actions or responses that occur without conscious control, typically as automatic reactions to stimuli.

Voluntary Responses

Actions that are performed intentionally or with conscious control, often in contrast to reflexive or automatic responses.