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Lactose Intolerance in Humans Is the Inability to Digest a Specific

question 22

Multiple Choice

Lactose intolerance in humans is the inability to digest a specific sugar found in milk and some milk-derived dairy products. This milk sugar is called lactose, and it is broken down into two simple sugars, glucose and galactose, by the enzyme lactase. Symptoms of this disease, which occur after a person consumes significant amounts of lactose, include abdominal bloating and cramps as well as diarrhea and nausea. Many mammalian species become lactose intolerant shortly after weaning. At this time, the gene that produces lactase becomes inactive so that the enzyme is no longer produced. However, some human populations (approximately 25 percent of all adults) have developed lactase persistence, in which lactase is continually produced throughout adulthood. Which organelle is involved directly with lactase production?

Definitions:

Inner Membrane

The membrane located towards the interior of an organelle, especially significant in mitochondria and chloroplasts for energy generation.

Cell Cortex

The outer layer of the cytoplasm of a cell, usually enriched with actin filaments, which helps to maintain the cell's shape and to facilitate cellular movement.

Actin Filaments

Thin filaments consisting mainly of the protein actin; actin and myosin filaments make up the myofibrils of muscle fibers.

Intermediate Filaments

Cytoplasmic fibers that are part of the cytoskeletal network and are intermediate in diameter between microtubules and microfilaments.