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Muscular Dystrophy Is a Group of Inherited Disorders That Lead

question 9

Multiple Choice

Muscular dystrophy is a group of inherited disorders that lead to increasing muscle cell loss and thus muscle weakness over time. There are many different types of muscular dystrophy. Symptoms can vary, although all involve muscle weakness. Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a recessive X-linked form that leads to muscle degeneration and death usually by age 25. Symptoms begin before age 5 and include low endurance and difficulties standing. As the condition progresses, muscle tissue is replaced with adipose and other types of connective tissue. Abnormal bone development and some neurobehavioral and learning disabilities may also occur. DMD occurs as a result of a mutation in a single gene on the X chromosome. This gene codes for a particular protein, dystrophin, which plays a major role in the structure of muscle cells. The protein formed by the mutated gene is nonfunctional, and the absence of a functional protein eventually leads to cell death. Who is more likely to suffer from DMD?

Definitions:

Working Memory

A cognitive system responsible for temporarily holding information available for processing, important for reasoning, learning, and comprehension.

Sensory Modality

Refers to the different ways in which sensory information is processed by the human body, including vision, hearing, touch, taste, and smell.

Sensory Memories

The shortest-term element of memory, which stores impressions of sensory information after the original stimuli have ended.

Short-Term Memory

The component of memory that holds a small amount of information in consciousness for a brief period.