Vignette #1 You and Your Friend Karen Are Having Lunch

question 58

Multiple Choice

Vignette #1 You and your friend Karen are having lunch out and you order an iced tea. She sees you reach for the pink packet of Sweet 'N Low. Karen stops your hand and says, "Don't you know that stuff is bad for you? I read it causes cancer, and I also know people who say that Equal artificial sweetener gives them headaches." As your conversation continues, let's show Karen how well informed you are concerning artificial sweeteners by answering the following questions: Although some studies in the past may have found that saccharin can cause bladder cancer in lab rats, why would it be considered safe today to continue using it?

• A) The research used extremely high doses of saccharin that are not relevant for humans.
• B) What occurs in rats might not occur in humans.
• C) The American Medical Association's Council on Scientific Affairs has stated that saccharin is not associated with increased risk of bladder cancer.
• D) There are known hazards that are more important to avoid if you want to reduce your risk of cancer.
• E) All of the above are valid comments.

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Definitions:

Directionality Problem

An issue that arises when it is unclear whether one variable causes changes in another or vice versa, complicating the interpretation of study results.

Random Sampling

Random sampling is a technique used in research to select a sample group from a larger population using random methods, ensuring that every individual has an equal chance of being chosen.

Causality

The relationship between cause and effect, where one event (the cause) initiates the occurrence of another event (the effect).

Case Study

A case study is an in-depth analysis of an individual, group, or event, extensively researched over a period with the aim of uncovering unique patterns or insights.