If Individuals Who Sit in the Back of the Classroom

question 55

Multiple Choice

If individuals who sit in the back of the classroom receive lower grades on average than the rest of the class, does that mean that sitting in the back of a classroom causes one to perform poorly on exams?

• A) Not necessarily. The reoccurrence of a certain relationship between two variables does not necessarily imply causation.
• B) It is not possible for an economist to determine causation between variables.
• C) The reoccurrence of such a relationship is sufficient evidence that sitting in the back of a classroom will lead to lower grades.
• D) The reoccurrence of such a relationship is sufficient evidence that students who receive low grades prefer to keep a low profile and always sit in the back of the classroom.

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Definitions:

Conditional Sales Contracts

Agreements that transfer the possession of goods from the seller to the buyer, but not legal ownership until certain conditions, typically final payment, are met.

Sale-on-approval

A transaction in which goods are delivered to a buyer with the understanding that the sale becomes final only if the buyer approves or is satisfied with the products.

Sale-or-return

A commercial arrangement where goods are delivered to a buyer who has the right to return the goods if they are not sold, within a stipulated period.

Voidable Title

A legal condition referring to a situation where a title or ownership can be invalidated at the discretion of one party due to certain conditions, such as fraud.