When Lisa Drives to Work Every Morning,she Drives on a Congested

question 343

Multiple Choice

When Lisa drives to work every morning,she drives on a congested highway.What Lisa does not realize is that when she enters the highway each morning she increases the travel time of all other drivers on the highway.In this case,the external cost of Lisa's highway trip

• A) increases the social cost above the private cost.
• B) lowers the social cost below the private cost.
• C) increases the social value above the private benefit.
• D) decreases the social value below the private benefit.

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Definitions:

Overt Self-reinforcement

A process in which an individual openly rewards themselves for a behavior, aiming to increase the likelihood of its recurrence.

Self-reward Programs

Techniques or strategies where individuals give themselves rewards for meeting goals or completing tasks to motivate behavior change.

Imaginal Reinforcers

Cognitive behavioral techniques involving the use of imagined rewards to increase the frequency of desired behaviors.

Material Awards

Physical or tangible rewards given in recognition of achievements or performance, often used as incentives.