For Each Historical Identification Question, Define the Term and Briefly

question 37

Essay

For each historical identification question, define the term and briefly describe its historical significance.
carruca

Understand the concept of cultural diffusion and provide examples.

Understand the concepts of initial and goal states in problem solving.

Comprehend means-end analysis and its application in solving problems.

Distinguish between well-defined and ill-defined problems.

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Definitions:

Higher Order Conditioning

A classical conditioning process where a conditioned stimulus is paired with a new neutral stimulus, creating a second (often weaker) conditioned stimulus.

Response Generalization

The process by which a conditioned response starts occurring in response to stimuli that are similar but not identical to the original conditioned stimulus.

Shaping

A method used in operant conditioning to gradually guide behavior towards a desired response through successive approximations.

Operant Conditioning

A system of learning whereby the dynamism of a behavior is managed through the distribution of rewards or the assignment of penalties.