Table 22-3 the Citizens of Anytown Will Decide Whether to Build a Build

question 299

Multiple Choice

Table 22-3
The citizens of Anytown will decide whether to build a new library, a new community center, or a new ice rink. Exactly one of the three choices will prevail, and the choice will be made by way of pairwise voting, with the majority determining the outcome on each vote. The preferences of the voters are summarized in the table below.

-Refer to Table 22-3.Which of the following statements is correct regarding the Condorcet paradox and the results of pairwise voting in Anytown?

• A) The paradox implies that pairwise voting never produces transitive preferences, and so the voting in Anytown fails to produce transitive preferences.
• B) The paradox implies that pairwise voting sometimes (but not always) produces transitive preferences, and the voting in Anytown does produce transitive preferences.
• C) The paradox implies that pairwise voting sometimes (but not always) fails to produce transitive preferences, and the voting in Anytown fails to produce transitive preferences.
• D) The paradox does not apply to the case at hand, because the preferences of Type 3 voters are not individually transitive.

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Definitions:

Classical Conditioning

A psychological process through which associations between a previously neutral stimulus and a naturally occurring stimulus are learned, leading to a learned response.

Premack Principle

A principle of reinforcement which states that a more probable behavior can reinforce a less probable behavior.

Law of Effect

A psychological principle stating that behaviors followed by satisfying consequences tend to be repeated, while those followed by unpleasant consequences are less likely to be repeated.

Cognitive Model

A theoretical approach that explains psychological phenomena by emphasizing mental processes, including perception, memory, and thought.