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The punishment of crime in the eighteenth century was often
Adversarial
A system, situation, or process characterized by conflict or opposition, typically seen in legal contexts where two parties contest against each other.
Inquisitorial
Pertaining to a legal system where the judge actively investigates the facts of the case, as opposed to the adversarial system.
Legal Ethics Codes
Established guidelines and principles that govern the professional conduct of lawyers and legal practitioners.
Progressive Era
A period of widespread social activism and political reform across the United States, from the 1890s to the 1920s, aiming to address issues caused by industrialization.
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