If Javier Has Trouble Sleeping, He Usually Gets Up and Munches

question 375

Multiple Choice

If Javier has trouble sleeping, he usually gets up and munches on some cookies, pretzels, or dry cereal, and this seems to help him sleep. This sleep-inducing technique

• A)precipitates a placebo effect only.
• B)increases the amount of tryptophan reaching his brain and increases serotonin levels.
• C)is known as the paradoxical intention, since eating should prevent sleep.
• D)decreases the norepinephrine and dopamine levels in the brain, resulting in sleep.

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Definitions:

External Validity

The extent to which the results of a study can be generalized or applied to contexts outside the original study setting.

Causal Relationship

A connection between two entities where one is understood to be the cause of the other.

Logical Fallacy

A flaw in reasoning that leads to incorrect arguments, often invisible in the argument's structure but critically undermining its validity.

Causally Related

Refers to entities or events connected by a cause-and-effect relationship, where one directly influences or brings about the other.