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You Are Taking a Test and Begin to Think Thoughts

question 488

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You are taking a test and begin to think thoughts, such as "I'm going to fail, and everyone will think I'm stupid." You immediately combat these statements with calming, rational replies, such as "If I fail this test, it won't be the end of the world, and I'll try to improve on the next test." These rational replies are called __________ statements.


Definitions:

Altruism Theory

A theory suggesting that humans are capable of selfless acts done for the benefit of others without personal gain.

Social Exchange Theory

A theory suggesting that social behavior is the result of an exchange process, aiming to maximize benefits and minimize costs.

Kin Selection

A natural tactic that supports the reproductive advancement of an organism’s family members, potentially at the expense of the organism’s own life and reproductive capabilities.

Empathy-Altruism Model

A psychological theory suggesting that feeling empathy for others can lead to altruistic behavior, where help is offered with no expectation of personal gain.

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