A Ponzi Scheme, Such as the One Bernie Madoff Ran

question 5

Multiple Choice

A Ponzi scheme, such as the one Bernie Madoff ran, is

• A) a card game.
• B) a sound investment scheme.
• C) a scheme to improve the environment.
• D) hard to hide forever.
• E) None of these are correct.

---

Definitions:

Pretest Sensitization

The effect that participation in a pretest may have on subjects' behavior in subsequent phases of a study, potentially biasing the results.

Time-Series Designs

Research methods that involve repeated observations of the same variables (e.g., individuals) over short or long periods of time.

Quasi-Experimental Designs

Study frameworks that aim to identify causal relationships but do not incorporate random allocation to intervention and comparison groups.

Nonrandomly Formed Groups

Groups in a study that are created based on criteria other than random assignment, which can introduce biases or preexisting differences between groups.