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Discuss the Distinctions Between Norm-Referenced and Criterion-Referenced Grading, Focusing on the Following

question 41

Essay

Discuss the distinctions between norm-referenced and criterion-referenced grading, focusing on the following points: basic assumptions, type of comparisons being made, and distribution of grades.


Definitions:

Individualism

A social theory favoring freedom of action for individuals over collective or state control.

Collectivism

Refers to cultural values that emphasize the importance of community, cooperation, and the collective over the desires and needs of the individual.

Psychological Distress

Psychological distress refers to a range of emotional suffering often characterized by symptoms of depression and anxiety.

Cognitive Dissonance

A psychological discomfort experienced when holding two or more conflicting thoughts, beliefs, or values at the same time.

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