Josiah Checks His Email Several Times Throughout the Day

question 140

Multiple Choice

Josiah checks his email several times throughout the day. Some days there is mail each time he checks; sometimes several days go by with no new messages arriving. In this example, Josiah's behavior of checking his email is being reinforced on  a _____ schedule.

• A)variable-interval
• B)fixed-ratio
• C)fixed-interval
• D)variable-ratio

---

Definitions:

Participating Firms

Companies that engage in a particular market or economic activity, contributing to the production, distribution, or provision of goods and services.

Prisoner's Dilemma

A fundamental problem in game theory that demonstrates why two rational individuals might not cooperate, even if it appears that it is in their best interest to do so.

Game Theory

A theoretical framework for understanding social situations among competing players and predicting their choices of strategic actions.

Kinked-Demand Model

A model in oligopoly markets where firms face a demand curve with a kink at the current price, illustrating non-responsive demand to price changes by one firm if others do not follow.