Research by Aronson and Carlsmith (1963) Shows That Severe Punishment

question 87

Multiple Choice

Research by Aronson and Carlsmith (1963) shows that severe punishment

• A) is less likely than mild punishment to inspire cognitive dissonance.
• B) leads to attitude change only when a self-affirmation is possible.
• C) causes dissonance-induced physiological arousal to increase.
• D) changes behavior only when attitudes change as well.

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Definitions:

Type II Error

The failure to reject a false null hypothesis, also known as a "false negative."

Null Hypothesis

A statement or hypothesis in statistical inference that implies no effect or no difference, and it serves as the default or starting assumption for hypothesis testing.

Type I Error

Erroneously rejecting a valid null hypothesis, which is also known as a "false positive."

Null Hypothesis

A hypothesis that suggests there is no statistical significance between the two variables being studied.