The Basic Philosophical Issue of Optimism Versus Pessimism That Personality

question 18

Multiple Choice

The basic philosophical issue of optimism versus pessimism that personality theorists consider centers on whether

• A) people can change their personalities over time.
• B) human nature is fundamentally good or bad.
• C) hope is an essential feature of psychotherapy.
• D) personality theories can adequately explain or predict human behavior.

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Definitions:

Feature Detector Cells

Neurons in the visual cortex that respond selectively to specific features of visual stimuli, such as lines, edges, or movement.

Visual Information

Data perceived through the sense of sight, including colors, patterns, and movements, which are processed by the visual cortex in the brain.

Hubel and Wiesel

Two neuroscientists, David Hubel and Torsten Wiesel, known for their groundbreaking work on the neural mechanisms of vision, for which they received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.

Fusiform Face Area

A region of the brain's temporal lobe that plays a critical role in face perception and recognition.