Why Did the Centralized Systems, Especially in the Industrial Economy

question 48

Essay

Why did the centralized systems, especially in the industrial economy, prove less effective in the 1970s and 1980s than they had been earlier?

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Definitions:

Unsystematic Risk

The segment of risk that is unique to a specific company or industry, also known as diversifiable risk, which can be mitigated through diversification.

Diversification

Spreading a portfolio over many investments to avoid excessive exposure to any one source of risk.

Portfolio

A collection of financial investments like stocks, bonds, commodities, cash, and cash equivalents, including mutual funds and ETFs.

Unique Risk

Nonmarket or firm-specific risk factors that can be eliminated by diversification. Also called firm-specific risk, nonsystematic risk, or diversifiable risk.