Smoking as an Adjunctive Behavior Can Help an Individual Work

question 112

Multiple Choice

Smoking as an adjunctive behavior can help an individual work long hours to obtain a promotion, thereby serving as a:

• A) self-control device.
• B) form of self-punishment.
• C) fixed action pattern.
• D) form of sign-tracking.

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Definitions:

Income Effect

The influence of income adjustments on the demand for goods or services, whether in an individual's finances or within an economy.

Substitution Effect

The change in consumption patterns due to a change in the relative prices of goods, leading to consumers replacing more expensive items with less costly alternatives.

Diminishing Marginal Utility

The principle that as more of a good or service is consumed, the additional satisfaction or utility gained from consuming an additional unit declines.

Total Utility

The total satisfaction or benefit received by consuming a given total quantity of a good or service.