With Regard to Second-Order Cybernetics, Which of the Following Statements

question 12

Multiple Choice

With regard to second-order cybernetics, which of the following statements is TRUE?

• A) The therapist can be neutral.
• B) The therapist is an unbiased observer.
• C) The therapist remains outside the client system as an observer.
• D) The therapist becomes an active participant in creating what is observed.

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Definitions:

Goal Incongruence

A situation where the objectives of different stakeholders or parts of an organization conflict with each other, potentially leading to inefficiencies or counterproductive actions.

Cost Target

Cost target is the budgeted or desired cost of manufacturing a product or executing a project, aimed at ensuring competitiveness and profitability.

Responsibility Accounting

An accounting system focused on controlling costs and evaluating performance by assigning responsibility to individual managers or departments.

Benchmarks

Benchmarks are standard points of reference against which performance, quality, or value can be measured, often used for comparison in business, finance, and industry.