Which of the Following Is a "Paradoxical" Effect of Nicotine

question 20

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is a "paradoxical" effect of nicotine?

• A)a mild "rush"
• B)decreased appetite
• C)increased arousal
• D)increased concentration
• E)mental calmness and relaxation

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Definitions:

Placebos

Substances with no therapeutic effect, often used as a control in testing new drugs, to assess the psychological impact of receiving treatment.

Nocebos

Refers to a detrimental health effect that results from negative expectations of the patient and is the counterpart to the placebo effect.

Placebo Response

A beneficial health outcome resulting from a person's expectation of treatment rather than from the actual treatment itself.

Expectancy

The anticipation or belief about what is likely to happen in the future.