All but Which of the Following Are Considered Psychological Factors

question 3

Multiple Choice

All but which of the following are considered psychological factors that contribute to the development of drug use and dependence?

• A)a high need for sensation
• B)desire to escape troubling emotions
• C)feelings of hopelessness
• D)desire to reduce anxiety
• E)negative expectancies about drugs' effects

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Definitions:

Substance Abuse

The misuse of drugs or alcohol that leads to clinical impairment or distress.

DiClemente and Prochaska Model

A model describing a five-stage process of change for individuals overcoming addictive behaviors and other negative habits.

Precontemplation

A stage in the behavior change process where the individual is not yet considering change or is unaware of the need for change.

Maintenance

In a psychological or therapeutic context, maintenance refers to the ongoing process of sustaining progress made during treatment and preventing relapse into previous unhealthy behaviors.