Many Religious and Intellectual Leaders Viewed the New Science with Suspicion

question 26

Multiple Choice

Many religious and intellectual leaders viewed the new science with suspicion, as shown by the

• A) trial of Leopold and Loeb.
• B) exile of Newton.
• C) execution of Lavoisier.
• D) election of Voltaire.
• E) condemnation of Galileo.

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Definitions:

Utility-Maximizing

A principle or approach in economics that suggests individuals allocate their resources in a way that maximizes their satisfaction or utility.

Heuristics

Mental shortcuts or rules of thumb that simplify decision-making processes, often at the cost of perfect accuracy or thoroughness.

Self-Serving Bias

A common tendency for individuals to attribute their successes to internal factors while attributing failures to external factors.

Cognitive Biases

Misperceptions or misunderstandings that cause systematic errors. Most result either from heuristics that are prone to systematic errors or because the brain is attempting to solve a type of problem (such as a calculus problem) for which it was not evolutionarily evolved and for which it has little innate capability.