What Is Meant by the Phrase "Gunpowder Empires," and to What

question 121

Essay

What is meant by the phrase "gunpowder empires," and to what degree did the Muslim states discussed here conform to this description? Compare and contrast the reasons underlying the nature, extent, and timing of the declines of the Mughal, Safavid, and Ottoman Empires by the end of the eighteenth century. Why did they decline while European powers extended their "gunpowder" diplomacy and trade?

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Definitions:

Aspiration Pneumonia

A type of pneumonia caused by inhaling food, stomach acid, or saliva into the lungs, leading to an inflammatory response and potentially serious lung infection.

Dysphasia

A language disorder marked by impairment in the ability to produce or comprehend spoken or written language due to brain injury.

Jugular Vein

A large vein in the neck that carries blood from the head to the heart.

Bruise

An injury appearing as a purple or dark area on the skin, caused by broken blood vessels under the skin without the skin being broken.