If Muscles Are in a State of Near-Paralysis During REM

question 25

Multiple Choice

If muscles are in a state of near-paralysis during REM sleep,then how is sleepwalking possible?

• A) Dreams allow us to overcome motor paralysis.
• B) Sleepwalkers are actually awake, but in a hypnotic state.
• C) Most sleepwalkers are suffering from REM behavior disorder.
• D) Sleepwalking usually occurs in non-REM sleep.

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Definitions:

Peritubular Capillaries

A network of tiny blood vessels that surround the tubules in the kidney, involved in the exchange of substances between blood and tubular fluid.

Proximal Tubule

The portion of the nephron in the kidney that processes filtrate from the glomerulus, involved in reabsorption and secretion.

Vasa Recta

A series of straight capillaries in the kidney that serve as counter-current exchangers, playing a key role in the concentration of urine.

Juxtaglomerular Apparatus

A structure in the kidney that helps regulate blood pressure by secreting renin in response to blood pressure changes.