Discuss the Different Meanings of the Word 'Jihad' as Defined

question 55

Essay

Discuss the different meanings of the word 'jihad' as defined by the Qur'an and modern-day usage.

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Definitions:

Negative Reinforcement

A process in behavioral psychology where a response is strengthened because it is followed by the removal of an unpleasant stimulus.

Punishment

A method of behavior modification that involves the application of undesirable consequences in order to reduce the occurrence of a particular behavior.

Operant Conditioning

An approach to learning in which the vigor of an activity is shaped by positive reinforcement or disciplinary measures.

Classical Conditioning

A conditioning approach where two stimuli are systematically associated; a reaction first elicited by the second stimulus, over time, becomes elicited by the first stimulus.