As Part of the Merit-Selection Plans for Judges, Retention Elections

question 30

Multiple Choice

As part of the merit-selection plans for judges, retention elections

• A)nearly always turn out in favor of the incumbent.
• B)rarely generate much enthusiasm among voters and seldom turn out the incumbent.
• C)generate greater enthusiasm than the general elections.
• D)have turned down retention for about 50 percent of all judges since 1972.

---

Definitions:

Dual Federalism

A political arrangement in which state and national governments are seen as distinct entities providing separate spheres of governance, with little overlap.

Sponge Cake

A light, fluffy cake made with eggs, sugar, and flour, often served as a dessert or with tea.

Layer Cake

A metaphor often used in political science to describe a clear-cut division of responsibilities and powers among different levels of government, similar to the distinct layers in a layer cake.

Fruit Cake

A dense cake made with chopped candied fruit, nuts, spices, and sometimes soaked in spirits, often served during the holiday season.