Layers of Hierarchy Is a Barrier to Communication Because

question 7

Multiple Choice

Layers of hierarchy is a barrier to communication because:

• A) each level can add to, take from, qualify, or change the original message.
• B) top level managers hesitate to give employees unwelcome information as employees exercise power over their rewards and penalties.
• C) organizational hierarchy contradicts the principle of specialization.
• D) communication at higher levels of management is always informal and ambiguous, and the information is out of reach of the lower levels of management.

Recognize how new motives are acquired according to Allport.

Comprehend Allport's views on the importance of studying adult motives and the role of past events in personality.

Grasp the central problem of personality theory as seen by Allport and his perspective on motivation.

Distinguish between individual traits and how they are classified by Allport.

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Definitions:

Equilibrium

A state of balance or stability within a system, where various forces or influences are in equal proportion.

Residential School System

A network of boarding schools for Indigenous peoples, primarily in Canada and the United States, intended to assimilate Indigenous children into Western culture, often at the expense of eradicating their native culture, languages, and identities.

Aboriginals

Indigenous peoples native to a land or region, especially in reference to the First Nations, Inuit, and Métis peoples of Canada.

Assimilate

The process by which individuals or groups adopt the culture, behaviors, and norms of another group, often losing their original identity or culture.