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What Were the Major Reasons for the Decline of Both

question 10

Essay

What were the major reasons for the decline of both the Umayyad and Abbasid Caliphates? What role did the umma play in this?


Definitions:

Embryonic Development

The process by which an embryo forms and develops, from fertilization to the fetus stage.

Cotyledons

Embryonic leaves in seed-bearing plants, forming the first leaves to appear from a germinating seed.

Food Reserves

Nutrients stored by organisms to be used when external food sources are scarce.

Seed Dispersal

The mechanism by which seeds are spread from their parent plant to new locations, aiding in species spread and diversity.

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